英文辩论稿样本 篇一
Title: Should Smoking be Banned?
Introduction:
Good morning/afternoon, ladies and gentlemen, honorable judges, and respected opponents. Today, the topic of our debate is whether smoking should be banned. Smoking has been a controversial issue for many years, with strong arguments from both sides. In this speech, I will present the case for banning smoking.
Body:
1. Health consequences:
Smoking is a leading cause of preventable diseases and premature death worldwide. The harmful effects of smoking on the human body are well-documented. Research shows that smoking increases the risk of developing lung cancer, heart disease, stroke, and numerous other respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Banning smoking would protect individuals from these serious health consequences.
2. Secondhand smoke:
Not only does smoking harm the smoker, but it also endangers the health of non-smokers through secondhand smoke. Secondhand smoke contains over 7,000 chemicals, including at least 70 known carcinogens. Non-smokers exposed to secondhand smoke are at an increased risk of developing lung cancer, respiratory infections, and other health problems. Banning smoking would create a healthier environment for everyone.
3. Economic burden:
Smoking also places a significant economic burden on society. The healthcare costs associated with smoking-related illnesses are astronomical. Additionally, smoking contributes to lost productivity due to increased sick days and premature deaths. By banning smoking, we can alleviate the financial burden on healthcare systems and improve overall productivity.
4. Social responsibility:
As a society, we have a responsibility to protect the well-being of our citizens. Banning smoking aligns with this responsibility by promoting public health and safety. It sends a clear message that we prioritize the health and well-being of our population over personal freedoms.
Counterargument:
1. Individual freedom:
Opponents of a smoking ban argue that it infringes upon individual freedom and personal choices. They believe that adults should have the right to make decisions about their own health and lifestyle. While personal freedom is important, it should not come at the expense of the greater good. Banning smoking is a necessary measure to protect public health.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, smoking should be banned to protect individuals from the serious health consequences of smoking, to reduce the exposure to secondhand smoke, to alleviate the economic burden on society, and to fulfill our social responsibility. By implementing a smoking ban, we can create a healthier and safer environment for all. Thank you.
英文辩论稿样本 篇二
Title: The Benefits of Space Exploration
Introduction:
Good morning/afternoon, ladies and gentlemen, honorable judges, and respected opponents. Today, we gather to discuss the topic of space exploration and its significance. Space exploration has been a subject of debate, with arguments on whether it is a worthwhile endeavor. In this speech, I will present the case for the benefits of space exploration.
Body:
1. Scientific and Technological advancements:
Space exploration has been instrumental in advancing our scientific knowledge and technological capabilities. Through space missions, scientists have made groundbreaking discoveries about our universe, including the existence of black holes, the nature of dark matter, and the origins of the universe. Furthermore, space exploration has led to the development of numerous technologies that have practical applications on Earth, such as satellite communication, weather forecasting, and medical advancements.
2. Economic benefits:
Investments in space exploration have proven to have significant economic returns. The space industry has created countless job opportunities and stimulated economic growth in various sectors. Research and development in space technology have led to the creation of innovative products and services that have commercial value. Additionally, the space industry has inspired the growth of related industries, such as aerospace manufacturing and tourism.
3. Inspiration and Education:
Space exploration captures the imagination of people worldwide, inspiring future generations to pursue careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). It serves as a catalyst for innovation and encourages young minds to push the boundaries of knowledge. Space missions also provide valuable educational opportunities, allowing students and researchers to gain hands-on experience and conduct experiments in microgravity environments.
4. Planetary defense and environmental research:
Space exploration plays a crucial role in protecting our planet and understanding environmental changes. By monitoring Earth from space, scientists can gather data on climate patterns, natural disasters, and the health of ecosystems. This information is vital for developing strategies to mitigate the impacts of climate change and protect our planet's biodiversity. Additionally, space exploration enables the study of potential threats from asteroids and other celestial objects, allowing us to develop strategies for planetary defense.
Counterargument:
1. Cost:
Opponents of space exploration argue that the funds allocated to space missions could be better spent on solving issues on Earth, such as poverty, healthcare, and education. While these issues are undoubtedly important, investing in space exploration does not mean neglecting problems on Earth. The benefits of space exploration, as mentioned earlier, have significant economic, scientific, and educational value.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, space exploration brings numerous benefits, including scientific and technological advancements, economic growth, inspiration, and education, as well as contributions to planetary defense and environmental research. It is an investment in our future and a testament to human curiosity and exploration. Thank you.
英文辩论稿样本 篇三
英文辩论稿样本
英文辩论稿怎么撰写?来看看范文吧,下面是小编搜集整理的英文辩论稿,欢迎阅读。
Outline for Beginners
Following is a speech outline for (EFL) novice debaters. Too much reliance on this may make your speech inflexible; still, the expressions and the speech flow below are the basic which every (EFL) debater should keep in mind.
■ 1. Greetings
Ladies and gentlemen
Thank you Mr. (Madam) speaker.
Mr./Madam chair, and members of this house.
■ 2. Presenting the motion and case
Today, we are going to debate on~./Today, we have the motion that~./Today’s motion is that~.
Under the current situation, there are some problems in~/controversy over~.
The issue behind the motion is that~.
So, in this round, we are going to talk about how to solve the problem.
① However, this motion [has some vague points(words)/is not clear]. Therefore, I would like to define the motion.
② In this round, we will [define the word A as B/limit X to Y/focus on the case in ~].
③ Therefore, our proposal is that~
④ I will explain the mechanism of our proposal.
First, ~.Second, ~.
⑤ We have some conditions to our proposal.
First, ~. Second, ~
■ 3. Showing the (government / opposition) “stance” (or “team line”) for the round.
We will propose you that ~ because ~.
Our team line is that ~ /
The government / opposition side strongly believe (insist) that ~.
■ 4. Presenting your speech outline and team allocation.
We have ~ points to support our proposal (argument). The first point is ~, the second point is ~, and the last point is ~.
I will explain ~.And my partner will explain ~.
I will mainly talk about ~. And my partner will talk about ~
■ 5. Refutation
(Before we go on to our arguments / points/ substantive matters), let me refute back to the Government / Opposition side. I have one / two / … refutation.
① First / second / …, they said ~.
② But, it is (1. not relevant / 2. …).
③ That is because ~.
(e.g. their argument is based on
wrong assumption / analysis /
misunderstanding)
1. not true 5. the opposite
2. not always true
3. not significant
4. not relevant
■ 6. Explaining points.
① [Sign post (i.e. “sign post”, or simple key phrases that summarize the point).]
Our first (second / …) point is ~
② [Summary in one sentence]
It means that ~ / On this point, I will explain that ~.
③ [Reasoning (explanation on how one situation occurs, focusing on “cause and effect”)]
Let me explain how this will happen.
First, ~. Then, ~. / Under the status quo, ~. After the plan adoption, ~. /
As a result / Consequently / At the end of the day / Therefore ~.
④ [Examples and Illustration]
For example, ~ . / Let’s think about the case of ~. /
Ladies and gentlemen, please imagine what could be happened if ~
⑤ [Significance / analysis / Relevancy to the stance, team line, or what you want to prove]
why this is important? This is because ~.
This point is important if we think about the nature / role / first priority / of ~.
What is the nature of ~?
What is the role / top priority of ~?
■ 7. Conclusion
In summary ~ / Let me summarize what I have told you ~ / In conclusion, we find that ~ /
For all these reasons, I beg to propose / oppose.
Because of these reasons, we strongly believe ~.
Therefore, we believe that ~.
Refutation
Refutation, which is to point out the weakness of the other side’s arguments, can be formulated into six basic types as below:
1. not relevant
2. not true
3. not always true
4. not significant
5. alternative play
6. flip
① Not relevant: “What you said is not relevant with what you are trying to prove. “
e.g. [GOV] Korean government should abolish death penalty because Canada abolished.
[OPP] It is not relevant because we are debating on Korea not on Canada.
② Not true: “You are a liar!”
e.g. [OPP] Korean government should not abolish death penalty because it deters crimes.
[GOV] It is not true because crime rate is increasing even though we have death penalty.
③ Not always true: “What you said is not always true.”
e.g. [OPP] Korean government should not abolish death penalty because of the victim families’ feeling.
[GOV] It is not always true because peoples’ feelings are case by case.
④ Not significant: “What you said is not important at all.”
e.g. [OPP] Korean government should have death penalty because life in prison costs much more money.
[GOV] It is not significant because those who are sentenced death penalty are put into jail long years before they are actually being executed.
⑤ Alternative plan: “There is a better plan to solve the problem”
e.g. [GOV] Korean government should abolish death penalty because of the possibility of misjudgments.
[OPP] There is a better solution to the problem, which is to have three trial systems and introduce new technology for investigation. ⑥
⑥ Flip: ”What you said is the opposite. It is actually our point”
e.g. [OPP] Korean government should not abolish death penalty because Koran government should protect its citizens as government role.
[GOV]
Outline: Reply Speech
The purpose of reply speech is quite different from the constructive speeches (e.g. PM speech). In reply speech, you assume the role of adjudicators; to be more precise, you are to explain the reason why your side has won the round.
You are expected to do:
a. explain the criteria to judge the round
b. summarize the round focusing on issues (or “crash point”).
c. Provide new illustrations to emphasize your arguments.
1. Greetings
Thank you Mr. (Madam) speaker.
Good [morning / afternoon / evening] ladies and gentlemen in this house again.
2. Showing the outline.
So far, we have talked about ~.
In order to show, why we have to win this round.
· I would compare both government and opposition sides’ arguments in terms of [two / three] issues in this round. They are ~.
· I have [two / three] questions to ask. They are ~.
3. Pointing out the failures of the other side.
Before going to the issues, I would like to point out the crucial failure of the [government /
opposition] side. That is ~.
4. Comparing arguments focusing on issues (crash points).
· The first [question / issue / crash point] is ~.
· [Your opponent] has said that ~.
Still, we have pointed out that this wrong because ~.
· On the other hand, we have argued that ~ because ~.
Our argument was superior to their argument because ~.
Then, let me go on to the next [question / issue / crash point].
5. Conclusion.
· For all these reasons, [government / opposition] side has won this round.
· Thank you.