染雾备战考研的心得和体会 篇一
备战考研对于每一个考研人来说都是一段艰辛而又充实的时光。在这个过程中，我也积累了一些心得和体会。
首先，制定一个合理的计划是非常重要的。备考时间有限，因此需要对每一个阶段进行合理的规划。我选择了将备考时间划分为三个阶段：基础复习、强化巩固和冲刺阶段。在基础复习阶段，我主要是通过阅读教材、整理笔记来夯实基础知识。在强化巩固阶段，我注重做题和模拟考试，通过找出自己的薄弱环节并进行针对性的提高。在冲刺阶段，我主要是进行模拟考试和复习重点难点。这样的计划使我在备考过程中不至于迷失方向，也更有针对性地提高了我的学习效率。
其次，保持良好的心态对于备考来说是至关重要的。备考期间会遇到各种各样的挫折和困难，这时候我们需要保持积极乐观的心态。我曾经遇到过一次模拟考试成绩不理想的情况，一度感到非常失望和沮丧。但是，我并没有气馁，而是从中找到问题所在并进行了及时的调整。我告诉自己，困难只是暂时的，只要我坚持努力，一定能够取得好成绩。这种积极的心态使我能够在备考过程中不断调整自己，逐步提高自己的学习能力。
最后，保持良好的生活习惯也是备考的重要环节。备考期间，我们需要投入更多的时间和精力来学习，但是也不能忽视自己的身体健康。我意识到保持良好的生活习惯对于备考的重要性，因此我每天都会坚持锻炼身体，保证充足的睡眠和合理的饮食。这样的生活习惯使我能够保持良好的精神状态，更好地应对备考的压力。
备战考研是一段不容易的旅程，但是只要我们坚持努力，就一定能够取得好成绩。通过制定合理的计划、保持良好的心态和生活习惯，我相信每一个考研人都能够在备考中收获满满的成果。
备战考研的心得和体会 篇二
备战考研是一段充满挑战与压力的旅程，但也是一段让我成长和收获的时光。在这个过程中，我积累了一些宝贵的经验和体会。
首先，坚持每天的规律学习是非常重要的。备考期间，时间是非常宝贵的，我们需要合理安排每一天的学习计划。我每天都会制定一个详细的学习计划，包括每个科目的内容和时间分配。在学习的过程中，我也会进行适当的休息，保持良好的学习状态。这样的规律学习使我能够更好地掌握知识，提高学习效率。
其次，多做题和模拟考试是提高成绩的有效途径。备考考研，做题是必不可少的环节。通过做题，我们能够更好地理解知识点，掌握解题技巧。我会根据教材和题库进行有针对性的练习，找出自己的薄弱环节并进行针对性的提高。同时，我也会经常进行模拟考试，检验自己的学习成果。通过做题和模拟考试，我能够更好地了解自己的学习状况，并及时调整学习策略。
最后，保持积极乐观的心态对于备考非常重要。备考过程中，我们会遇到各种各样的困难和挫折，这时候我们需要保持积极乐观的心态。我曾经遇到过一次模拟考试成绩不理想的情况，一度感到非常沮丧。但是，我并没有放弃，而是从中找到问题所在并进行了及时的调整。我告诉自己，只要我坚持努力，一定能够取得好成绩。这种积极的心态让我能够坚持下去，克服困难，最终取得了令我满意的考研成绩。
备战考研是一段漫长而又艰辛的过程，但是只要我们坚持努力，就一定能够取得好成绩。通过规律学习，多做题和模拟考试，以及保持积极乐观的心态，我相信每一个考研人都能够在备考中取得优异的成绩。
备战考研的心得和体会 篇三
“在任何学科领域，是否有一个好导师将决定学生的研究生涯初期的成败。” 什么样的导师是好导师呢?
“在任何学科领域，是否有一个好导师将决定学生的研究生涯初期的成败。” [1]
什么样的导师是好导师呢?2005年，nature创立了the nature awards for mentoring in science，用于表彰在指导研究生方面卓有成效的导师。有关人员广泛收集总结了学生们对其导师的评价，总结成了给导师的16条建议 [2]，如对学生的智力与能力的尊重，对学生职业发展(甚至选择非学术道路)的尊重，等等。
下文分别列出这16条建议，并引用学生的comments作为例证。基于我与自己的博士导师 && 我与本科期间的两个导师的各种经历，我highlight了这些comment里让我深有感触的地方。在异国求学，一个supportive的好导师是如父亲一般的存在(撒花)~
此外，我认为导师“nice”这个说法太笼统。我认为挑导师主要有两个维度：一个是做人，一个是治学。真正的好导师，做人方面要正直、得体，尊重学生，让学生如沐春风，心情愉快，感到个人价值受到认可;做研究方面，要非常responsible，对学生的研究生涯发展很给力，所以push至少比放羊好一点，让学生紧张一点总比松懈要好——五年phd实在是好短哒。
1. be available：给学生及时的帮助和反馈
"george meets with his students very regularly and is always available to them. i cannot remember him ever cancelling an appointment with me despite the tremendous demands on his time (he was head of department for some of the time that i was his student). he reads drafts promptly and provides clear, constructive comments. he is never negative and never belittles even the most junior of students."
"undoubtedly the greatest attribute of charles's mentorship style is his accessibility. rarely in the 6 years i was in his laboratory did i note him not to have an open door to discuss recent results with anyone from within, or indeed from outside, her/his laboratory. this availability combined with charles's approachable attitude resulted in a mentor that you were not afraid to speak to, with whatever result you had in hand be it positive or negative. even after leaving his laboratory i founds his door was always open to discuss scientific ideas."
2. respect：尊重学生的人格和智力
"mary treats her colleagues, regardless of whether they are doing a phd or if they are a fellow professor, with the same high regard. in doing so, she inspires confidence in her collaborators."
一般而言，被吐槽的导师都是这一点做得差，把学生当做干活机器。
3. be generous：无私的分享精神
"mark's magnanimity in sharing his own ideas and delight in seeing others succeed has also been an inspiration, not just for myself but for a whole generation of younger scientists."
"sally did and still does this by allowing them to run with ideas that she helped to develop or even produced herself entirely and by allowing them, to take on senior authorship on important papers even though she could claim it for herself."
4. inpidual difference：每个学生想要追求的人生目标是不同的，每个学生也都有自己的私人生活
"a mentor needs the ability to create a unique relationship with each member of the lab. francis possesses this attribute and sees the strengths and skills of each inpidual and then designs projects to suit these strengths. her ability to understand that not everyone works in the same way or wants the same things from their lives enables her to produce the best results from people."
"not everybody wants to be a leading researcher and some have skills that better suit them to other occupations. there is little point in encouraging young people to take on a career to which they may be unsuited or which they will find stressful or uninteresting. so i believe it is necessary sometimes to encourage them into other directions ."
这段话让我非常感动——我觉得这种对个人意志与自由选择的无私尊重，简直是一种伟大的人性的光辉。正如原文[2]指出，there is more to life that what they do in the lab. they need freedom to "smell the roses" as one mentee put it. if things change and appear to be going wrong we need to try and understand why. if personal life is becoming tough, then give them time and space. good mentors make themselves aware of this. again we are often so busy we don't notice. 所以，a good supervisor/mentor appreciates these differences and does not try and fit square pegs in round holes. they know when to back off and let people make their own decisions and when to come in and offer support and sympathy.
5. for life：一日为师，终身为父
"hassan takes a continuing interest in his students: so, twenty years after i completed my phd with him, he is still my first port of call when i have a thorny issue to discuss, or urgently require a reference - and he has never let me down."
"agreeing to supervise a phd student entails making a commitment to much more than the day-to-day overview of a series of experiments, or the development of a programme of analysis that leads to new physical-mathematical theory. it involves forging rapport with the student that potentially lasts a lifetime."
6. actively research：经常亲临一线的研究工作。
lead from the front, be a researcher your self, white coat on and not desk bound.
7. balance direction：又要放手让学生去explore自己的想法和project，又要在需要的时候给予学生关键性的指导和建议，以此可以有效地提高学生的自主性和能动性。
"as a research supervisor and mentor she/he has an incredible ability to find the perfect balance between: allowing the student to develop and explore their own ideas, research plans and projects; providing them with expert guidance, direction when needed; and most importantly providing the inspiration to achieve their best."
8. celebrate：为学生庆祝他们的成功
"jane sees the importance of bringing people’s social lives and work lives together. our lab is always keen to celebrat
e the achievements of its members with coffee and cakes; outings for lunch; or bbqs at her house."
"the first time a person comes up with a novel idea or experiment of their own. this should be an occasion for public recognition within the lab as it is a milestone of great significance for most young scientists."
9. building a community：在研究组里培养和谐的关系与社区归属感，鼓励合作而非竞争
"eli manages to create a nurturing yet scientifically intense lab atmosphere that promotes the production of high-quality science without the element of interpersonal competition that is unfortunately so evident in many laboratories, particularly here in the united states"
10. be social：大家一起玩~
"i aim to build team spirit by supporting social events throughout the year and by celebrating every birthday with a morning or afternoon tea at work. originally i organized social events myself, but i now leave the details up to group members so that we can enjoy a perse range of events that reflect the interests of the group, from canoeing to karaoke".
"the most useful single thing i've learned is that chocolate biscuits do more for everyone's good humour and enthusiasm than any amount of feelgood talk. the role of blood sugar should probably have been obvious to a biologist from the outset, but i only learned this by experience. mind you, cheerful and encouraging talk are good too, as also are gin and tonic."
11. create networks：给学生创造合作与展示的机会
"an important catalyst for many of us was rene’s attitude to networking – he endeavored to send all his students and postdocs to good scientific meetings because he realized how important it was for us to start making connections with peers in our field early in our careers. right from the start we were exhorted to take every opportunity to talk to people because it was a strongly held opinion of his that you learnt just as much at breakfast conversations and in post-conference drinks as you did from the presentations themselves. it was not uncommon to hear that he had lobbied for an opportunity for a postdoc to speak at a conference rather than doing so himselfbecause he recognized the value of becoming known, especially given our distance from north america and europe."
"elizabeth has maintained contact with her previous students and is quick to make links between the many people she knows and any project that comes under her discussion. she encourages collaboration and would very quickly point to potential collaborators. liz also would be quick toinclude students in on social occasions with high profile scientists visiting the university. this allowed students to get to know the scientists, and vice versa, and again served as a time when students could voice their thoughts and ideas to very knowledgeable and experienced researchers."
小小的comment：我觉得b在这方面可以加强。比如，介绍他的“contacts to promote their students and young staff”， 比如“when a distinguished scientist comes to visit the school they, not only introduce them, but also give them an opportunity to present or discuss their work”，比如，如果b能多给我指点一些其他学校的合作研究者就更好了。
12. question & listen：问好问题，激发好的答案，用一连串的好问题persistently keeps the questions flowing to help the answer come along
"rather than directly providing me with interesting ideas, he/she is able to ask the right questions to allow me to come up with my own theories and ideas."
"elspeth makes you feel special. she makes you feel valued and is genuinely interested in people’s welfare. she doesn’t preach. she questions and lets you speak. she listens and provides an environment where you can put forward ideas and then she facilitates the evolution of your own answers."
13. enhancing criticism：通过各种方式，锻炼学生的批判性思维
"catherine has focused on equipping people with the skills to be fully functioning members of the scientific community, able to prepare grant applications, review manuscripts, speak at conferences and engage with scientific administrators in a constructive manner. such a holistic approach to running a scientific group will ultimately bring enormous benefit to the group’s alumni, giving them all the skills necessary to carve out their own niches in the academic world."
"to the uninitiated, the scientific literature is a baffling mass of conflicting ideas and results, accepted wisdom and false assumptions. the mentor can help by alerting the new student to papers that he/she considers of particular interest, and by going over the most pertinent ones with the student in some detail. it also helps greatly for the laboratory or department to establish a ‘journal club’ where students regularly take turns dissecting one or two relevant current papers and their background, with input from other students and faculty members. participating in such discussions can greatly sharpen the student’s critical acumen and judgement."
这里还有一段更详细的建议，读起来比较高端，离我这种三年级博士生还有很远的感觉——
“a journal club is one strategy, students should not only participate in the critique of key papers but they should regularly take the lead by selecting, reviewing and critiquing papers themselves. students should be involved from the beginning in the team's grant applications. they should also be put in the position of interviewers in mock interviews. they should take the position of journal referee of papers submitted from the group and be encouraged to make a decision re acceptance, resubmission or rejection. the actual reviews that come back then provide the basic for a very rich discussion. in summary, we should create a situation where our students practice all the things we do that make us a scientist. "
14. enhancing writing：锻炼学生的科学写作能力，直到好的writing成为学生的第二天性
"given the vital role of publications and grants in any scientific career, learning to write effectively is an essential key to career advancement. therefore, i try diligently to instil the basics of clear scientific writing. after an extended discussion with the student of the results to be shown in a paper, i nearly always let him/her prepare the first draft and then begin the reiterative revision process, using ‘track changes’ to show what has been done."
所以，一个好的练习是present students with a manuscript they have not seen with either the abstract, introduction or discussion omitted and getting them to write their version which can then be compared with the original. 正如文章[2]指出，“the more writing we give students to do the more we burden ourselves but that is part of the contract. a positive comment on all the mentors was that they gave feedback on written work very quickly. hard to do but essential.”
15. enhancing presentation: good readable slides, logical presentation, and clear speaking
" she also expects students to give practice talks in the group before presenting at conferences and has developed a good technique for improving seminar performances through questions and feedback."
"although few students have a natural gift for giving a scientific talk, all can learn if given sufficient practice and advice. i always suggest that the student provide me with a run-through a week or two before a presentation, to allow sufficient time for revisions."
文章作者还指出，“this was often embarrassing in that the standard of honours seminars and graduate student presentation was way better than the presentations of senior staff members the students experienced at conferences. ”哈哈哈哈。
16. seek feedback：有什么优点和不足，听听学生怎么说
有胆量的话，把这个“self-assessment: how good a mentor are you?”丢给你的老板做吧~
备战考研的心得和体会 篇四
20_年的考研越来越近了!相信会有不少的同学会把考研政治放在最后复习，诚然就我个人而言，这是一个比较明智的做法。考研政治不同于考研数学、考研英语、考研专业课，数学和专业课主要是靠理解，各种公式、模型的解读，理解，延伸，如果没有吃的比较透，基本上题目都看不懂。而考研英语则是一个积累的过程，英语基本上是很难在短时间内提高的，那么就剩下政治了!尽管政治也需要理解，但更多的是联想记忆，靠记忆的政治就成为了最有可能用超短时间达到预期效果的科目了!当然如果时间够那就不用搞什么考验突击了，堂堂正正的a过去就行了!
考研政治突击诀窍一：好的心态使备考事半功倍
大家在最后的备考阶段，容易进入瓶颈期，此阶段的答题正确率和备考效率都会有倒退，因此心情会受到直接的影响，事实上，这个是每个人都会遇到的问题，关键就在于你能不能正确的处理与调节，因此，大家要切记，保持积极乐观的心态。
考研政治突击诀窍二：以点带面、重点突击
此时的基础知识复习就不适合广撒网了，大家可以根据一些预测题或者时事政治热点来备考相关的内容，另外，我们练习真题的过程，就是一个查漏补缺的过程，遇到感觉薄弱的部分就可以进行重点记忆!通过某个点来牵扯出一大片的内容!
考研政治突击诀窍三：真题与预测题
大家在这阶段进入疲惫期，不愿意再用大段的时间去做整套的模拟题或者真题，比较钟爱于预测题，其实，这种做法是很不安全的，做预测题会增加你的侥幸心理，侥幸心理的扩大会使得你没有心思去认真复习把希望寄托在侥幸上，更重要的是它会让你毫无信心!当然，以模拟真实考试环境的方式答题，其必要性众所周知，一是查漏补缺，二是把握做题时间，提前熟悉环境;另外，预测题是考生该关注的重点，但不是全部。
考研政治突击诀窍四：时事政治热点
大纲规定时政只考查6分，4道选择题(2道单选、2道多选)。但是通过分析历年真题可以发现，时政贯穿于考研政治各个科目之中，所考查的分数远远超过6分。另外紧抓一些热点时政也有利于我们在解答分析题时联系实际，有话可说。另外时政也是这阶段较容易提分的部分，因此多费点功夫是有所值的。
备战考研的心得和体会 篇五
又是一年大学生毕业的季节，大家都有着落了吗?大学毕业出路不外乎考研、考公务员、进国企、进私企、进外企、出国留学、自主创业这几种方式，那么，这几种方式各有什么利弊呢?下面我们将一一分析。在做决定之前，理性地分析利弊，再仔细思考自己到底想要什么样的生活，是许多职场人士常用方法，供同学们参考。
1.考研
利:延缓就业压力,推迟就业期的到来;有些城市,有些学校能给研究所解决户口的问题提高自身学历,增强竞争力;国家出台了新的研究所扩招政策,考研相对容易,能够拿到更高的文凭;学术上有创见,可以沿着这个方向一直努力,毕业后获得稳定的工作.
弊:研究生毕业后,毕业压力仍在,而且有了更为年轻的竞争者,压力越加沉重;读研期间,不一定能学到对自身职业有用处的知识,可能会白白浪费了积累经验的时间;研究会生扩招,会出现和大学扩招相同的结果---研究所学历一定程度上贬值,也许毕业后只有一个选择---考博...研究生毕业或博士毕业后年龄偏大,失去年龄优势,特别是女生,要面临更多的年龄歧视..学术研究,层次越高,就业面就越窄,毕业后,面对更加激烈的竞争,此时却已很难放弃本专业。
建议:如果对某个专业,某种学问有无法遏制的热爱和相应的研究能力,要不浪费自己的爱好和天才,继续深造,终有一天会有建树.但如果考研只是为了规避和缓解就业压力,建议不要考研,研究生毕业后压力只增不减,而且可能会使你丧失积累经验的机会,试想,2,3年内,你将与多少机会失之交臂.
年龄有时候是一种优势,因为年轻,有犯错误的时候也会有改正错误的机会,一旦年纪大了才开始接触社会,这些机会就会相应减少,试想,一个二十几岁的大学生犯了错误,单位会念在他年纪小,给予原谅;但一个将近三十岁的人犯同样的错误,会让人诧异甚至认为不可原谅,善用年龄优势就是为自己留下余地.
2.公务员
利：稳定的收入和生活，有良好的保障;公务员收入不是最高，但福利极好;有一定的社会地位及相应的权限;职业轨迹确定，工作没有太大的浮动性;国家机构员工，本身带有荣誉性质。
弊：工作相对枯燥，忙起来极忙，闲起来极闲;考试没完没了，升职总与考试、考核挂钩;有些机关人际关系复杂;收入稳定，但没有大幅提高的可能，只能保持平均水准;坐在清水衙门、没有晋升可能的人，容易很没成就感。
建议：有志从政的人、有权利欲望的人、真心想改变国计民生状况的人、想要一个稳定工作的人都可以选择考公务员，公务员这个工作，如果心境淡泊，没有野心，不失为不错的选择，能够保证安定的生活和充足的个人时间;如果想要升职，则要有长期奋斗(至少15年)的决心和高明的人际头脑，否则不太容易出头。
3.国企(或事业单位)
利:稳定的收入,良好的福利保障;有国家做后盾，安全系数高; 国企注重员工素质,要求员工为人处事遵循一定规则,可以学到不少东西;有些行业工作相对安逸，心理压力相对较低;国企锻炼人,能够形成良好的就业观。
弊:入门难,不容易进入;有的论资排辈,想要出人头地一般需要多年的奋斗;人际关系较复杂;中西部的国企,大多待遇一般。
建议:国企人际关系复杂，初入其中的大学毕业生也许会摸不到门路，而按资排辈的现实更让不接地气的大学生心生不服，当然，国企也正在克服上述弱点。
4.私企
利:能够发挥能力，发展空间较大;能够很快学到实用的知识;私企工作不单调，需要一职多能，无形中提高了自己的能力;劳有所得，私企老板会按照你的贡献决定你的待遇，形成良性循环;自由性大，升职、积累经验相对更快，想跳槽也容易.
弊:风险较大，比如经济危机到来，私企一批批倒台;有的公司不能保证福利;企业人文环境参差不齐，有些极好，有些极差; 竞争相对激烈，工作环境不稳定，下岗可能性大;有些制度不合理，吃亏也只能忍着
建议:很多毕业生愿意选择私企，认为私企的门槛较低，更易积累经验。但是，不要形成“直接进入私企”的意识，私企的素质参差不齐，毕业生缺乏经验，很容易被第一份工作定型，错误的观念和不良的职场习惯会限制你的发展。同时，私企同样有广阔的发展空间，不会束缚才能。对私企，应慎重考虑。
5.外企
利：高薪，福利好，工作环境好;外企有系统的企业文化、管理制度，能够学到更多的东西;强调个性和创造性，有利于培养能力，也有利于搭建自己的人脉;注重员工发展，给予员工诸多培训;实力雄厚，不会出现拖欠工资、罔顾员工权利等 现象。
弊：起点高，发展空间不大;工作量大，加班加到吐血;竞争激烈，神经随时紧绷;打入核心机构难上加难，可能性非常小;对外语有很高要求;
建议：外企的高薪高酬是很多毕业生追求的目标，进入外企，感受成熟的企业环境和管理系统，有利于毕业生学到更多的东西，不论是个人能力、行业观念、企业文化意识。外企能够全方位地充实员工的头脑。但是，外企竞争激烈，职位也只能到一定级别，有些聪明人会进入外企学习先进的管理经验和技术，然后自己创业。
6.留学
利：增长见闻，开拓视野，成为一个有见识的人;掌握一门外语，受益终身;磨练自己的生存能力，培养自己的吃苦精神，学习外国人的优秀之处;好的学校，好的专业，能够学到真正的知识，拿到过硬的文凭;有机会进入外国公司或者移民。
弊：出国留学需要大笔金钱，投资不一定有相应回报;国外消费水平高，也许你常会感到入不敷出;有些国家排他性强，你无法真正融入同学之中;外国的经济危机闹得厉害，工作机会更少;如果没有学到真正的知识，会白白浪费几年光阴和大笔金钱。
建议：年轻的时候有机会多见见世面，是件好事。如果有条件出国留学，不妨出去。但是，如果没有好的学校或者好的专业，大可不必出国镀金，把同样的资金用来创业或投资意义更大。
7.创业
利：不必为人打工，自己的事业自己做主;全方位锻炼人的能力; 最大限度激发人的潜质; 培养系统性的思维能力; 创业成功的成就感无可取代。
弊：目前中国的创业环境并不健全，需要一笔较大开支，需要长远目光和周密规划;毕业生社会经验少，缺乏实践经验，过于乐观，容易碰壁，创业失败会感觉打击巨大。
建议：大学毕业生想要成功创业，不只需要远大的理想，还要有激情、行动力、领导能力、商业信用和超强的适应性，毕业生不论是心智、观察市场的眼光、领导气质都还有一定欠缺。想创业的人无需急于一时，进一家好公司，积累了丰富的经验和人脉，再辞职创业更为妥当，成功率也更高。
8.自由职业
利：充分发挥自己的才能爱好，时间自由、充裕;能够全面安排自己的生活;挑战性高，生活不易枯燥;按照自己的理想生活，心灵充实。
弊：没有稳定收入，必须自己注意社保和养老问题;脱离社会太久，不容易融入;对自制力要求极高;会有入不敷出的情况;有江郎才尽的顾虑。
建议：自由职业适合有艺术气质的人，soho一族的生活虽然令人羡慕，但存在的隐患也不容忽视，自控力强、计划性强、有理财观念的人能够适应自由职业，并保证自己的生活;容易产生惰性的人，还是需要工作来规范，不建议太过“自由”
